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Head CircumferenceAka: Microcephaly, Microcephalic Infant, Macrocephaly, Macrocephalic Infant
- See Also
- Head Size Measurement
- Normal term newborn head circumference: 33 to 38 cm
- Technique
- Measuring tape around frontal forehead and occiput
- Take largest of several measurements
- Macrocephaly causes
- Familial with autosomal dominant inheritance
- Hydrocephalus
- Other conditions
- Achondroplasia (skeletal dysplasia)
- Sotos' Syndrome (Cerebral Gigantism)
- Alexander's Disease
- Canavan's Disease
- Gangliosidoses
- Glutaric aciduria Type I
- Neurofibromatosis Type I
- Microcephaly cause
- Familial
- Trisomy 13
- Trisomy 18 (Edward Syndrome)
- Trisomy 21 (Down Syndrome)
- Cornelia de Lange
- Rubinstein-Taybi
- Smith-Lemli-Opitz
- Prader-Willi
- Teratogen Exposure
- Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
- Radiation exposure in utero (<15 weeks gestation)
- Fetal Hydantoin
- TORCH Virus congenital infection
- Other causes
- Meningitis or Encephalitis
- Gestational Diabetes
- Maternal hyperphenylalaninemia
- Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy
- Diagnostic evaluation for Microcephaly
- Maternal phenylalanine level
- Karyotype of child for suspected congenital abnormality
- Head imaging (Head Ultrasound, Head CT, Head MRI)
- Amino acid analysis (fasting plasma and urine)
- Serum ammonium
- TORCH Virus serum titers (mother and child)
- Urine Culture for Cytomegalovirus
- References
- Behrman (2000) Nelson Pediatrics, Saunders, p. 1809
- Goetz (1999) Clinical Neurology, Saunders, p. 512
- Fuloria (2002) Am Fam Physician 65(1):61
Microcephaly (C0025958) | |
|---|---|
| Definition (MSH) | A congenital abnormality in which the CEREBRUM is underdeveloped, the fontanels close prematurely, and, as a result, the head is small. (Desk Reference for Neuroscience, 2nd ed.) |
| Definition (CSP) | abnormal smallness of the brain. |
| Concepts | Congenital Abnormality (T019) |
| ICD9 | 742.1, 742.1 |
| MSH | D008831 |
| English | micrencephala, Micrencephaly, Microcephalies, Microcephalus, Microcephaly, microencephaly, Nanocephaly |
| Spanish | microcefalia, microcefalo, microencefalia |
| Parent Concepts | Anencephaly (C0002902), Congenital disease of brain (C0596364), Other nervous system congenital anomalies (C0158538), Craniofacial Abnormalities (C0376634), Malformations of Cortical Development (C1955869), Brain Diseases (C0006111), Microcephaly (C0025958), Duplicate concept (C1274013) |
| Sources | AOD, CSP, CST, DXP, ICD9CM, LCH, MSH, MTHICD9, NDFRT, OMIM, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
Macrocephaly (C0221355) | |
|---|---|
| Concepts | Congenital Abnormality (T019) , Disease or Syndrome (T047) |
| English | Enlarged brain, Macrocephalus, Macrocephaly, Macroencephaly, Megacephaly, Megalocephaly |
| Spanish | macrocefalia, macrocefalo |
| Parent Concepts | Deformity (C0302142), Congenital anomaly of head (C0520555), Ambiguous concept (C1274012), Duplicate concept (C1274013) |
| Sources | DXP, MTH, NCI, OMIM, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
