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Brain Lesion in ChildrenAka: Brain Tumor in Children, Pediatric Brain Tumor

See Also
1. Brain Tumors of the Posterior Fossa in Children
Epidemiology
1. Peak Incidence: age 3 to 12 years old
2. Most common childhood solid neoplasm
3. Second only to Leukemia for overall cancer Incidence
Etiology
1. Cranial exposure to radiation
  1. Meningiomas
  2. Astrocytomas
  3. Glioblastoma multiforme
2. Genetic Factors
  1. Family History in 19% of cases overall
  2. Family History in 30% of Glioblastoma Multiforme
3. Associated conditions
  1. Neurofibromatosis
  2. Tuberous sclerosis
  3. Turcot Syndrome
  4. Li-Fraumeni cancer syndrome
  5. Von Hippel Lindau
Tumor types (under age 20 years)
1. Supratentorial (40%)
  1. Astrocytoma (8-12%)
  2. Glioblastoma (<5%)
  3. Craniopharyngioma (5-8%)
  4. Ependymoma (3-5%)
  5. Choroid Plexus papilloma (2-3%)
  6. Pituitary tumor (<1%)
  7. Pineal tumor (2%)
  8. Meningioma (<1%)
2. Infratentorial (60%)
  1. Medulloblastoma (18-25%)
  2. Cerebellar Astrocytoma (15-20%)
  3. Brain stem glioma (8-10%)
  4. Ependymoma (4-6%)
  5. Schwannoma (<1%)
  6. Meningioma (<1%)

childhood brain tumor (C0220603)
Definition (NCI)	An abnormal growth of the cells that comprise the tissues of the brain in a person less than twenty one years old. This term does not specify whether the growth is benign or malignant nor does it specify location.
Concepts	Neoplastic Process (T191)
English	Childhood Brain Neoplasm, childhood brain tumor, Childhood Neoplasm of Brain, Childhood Neoplasm of the Brain, Childhood Tumor of Brain, Childhood Tumor of the Brain, Pediatric Brain Neoplasm, Pediatric Brain Tumor, Pediatric Neoplasm of Brain, Pediatric Neoplasm of the Brain, Pediatric Tumor of Brain, Pediatric Tumor of the Brain
Parent Concepts	Brain Neoplasms (C0006118), Childhood Intracranial Neoplasm (C1332975), Malignant Childhood Neoplasm (C0278704), childhood solid tumor (C0279068)
Sources	NCI, PDQ Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)