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DysarthriaAka: Dysphonia, Speech Exam

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  1. Definition
    1. Dysphonia
      1. Disturbance of voice quality, pitch or intensity
    2. Dysarthria
      1. Muscle control disturbance results in speech disorder
      2. Muscle control areas potentially causing dysarthria
        1. Respiration
        2. Articulation
        3. Phonation
        4. Resonance
        5. Prosody
  2. Pathophysiology
    1. Deficit requires bilateral neurologic lesion
    2. Multiple possible lesion sites
      1. Upper Motor Neuron Lesion (UMNL)
      2. Lower Motor Neuron Lesion (UMNL)
      3. Peripheral Nerve Lesion
      4. Cortical Lesion
  3. Exam
    1. Cranial Nerve XII
      1. Say "la-la-la"
      2. Say "newly laid linoleum"
      3. Say "Lolita's lost her lettuce"
    2. Cranial Nerve VII
      1. Labial dysarthria
      2. Say "paper bag"
      3. Say "PresbyEpiscopal"
    3. Bulbar Paralysis (nuclei) Lower Motor Neuron Lesion
      1. Atrophy and fasciculation of Tongue
      2. Decreased Gag Reflex
      3. Not labile
      4. No Babinski
      5. Nasal or hot potato voice
    4. Pseudobulbar/Suprabulbar: (bilateral cortical)
      1. Babinski abnormal
      2. Hyperactive Gag Reflex
      3. Lability (emotional Incontinence)
      4. Irregular cadence
    5. Upper Motor Neuron Lesion (UMNL)
      1. Distinct explosive speech
    6. Cerebellar
      1. Scanning speech with dysprosody
    7. Extrapyramidal
      1. Sloppy indistinct quiet slower speech
    8. Tongue (Upper or Lower Motor Neuron Lesion)
      1. Say "G, J, T, N, D"
    9. Lips (Upper or Lower Motor Neuron Lesion)
      1. Say "P, B, F"

Dysarthria (C0013362)

Definition (MSH)Disorders of speech articulation caused by imperfect coordination of pharynx, larynx, tongue, or face muscles. This may result from CRANIAL NERVE DISEASES; NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASES; CEREBELLAR DISEASES; BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES; BRAIN STEM diseases; or diseases of the corticobulbar tracts (see PYRAMIDAL TRACTS). The cortical language centers are intact in this condition. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p489)
Definition (CSP)imperfect speech articulation due to disturbances of muscular control.
ConceptsSign or Symptom (T184)
ICD9784.5
MSHD004401
EnglishDysarthoses, Dysarthosis, Dysarthria, Dysarthrias, DYSARTHROSIS
Spanishdisartria
Parent ConceptsSpeech Disorders (C0037822), Signs and Symptoms (C0037088), Brain Diseases (C0006111), CNS GENERAL (C0549638), CRANIA NERVE ABNORMALITIES (C0549640), Articulation Disorders (C0003910), [X]Other and unspecified speech disturbances (C0478144), Dyslexia AND/OR speech dysfunction (C1291741)
SourcesAOD, COSTAR, CSP, CST, DXP, MSH, MTH, MTHICD9, NDFRT, OMIM, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Dysphonia (C1527344)

ConceptsDisease or Syndrome (T047)
ICD9784.49
MSHD014832
EnglishDysphonia, Dysphonia -RETIRED-, PHONATION DIS, Phonation Disorder, Phonation Disorders
Spanishdisfonia, disfonia - RETIRADO -
Parent ConceptsReason not stated concept (C1276325), Voice Disturbance (C1527340), Duplicate concept (C1274013)
SourcesCOSTAR, CST, DXP, MSH, MTH, MTHICD9, OMIM, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)



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