Pulmonology Book

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Pneumothorax

Aka: Pneumothorax
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  1. Types
    1. Spontaneous Pneumothorax (Simple Pneumothorax)
    2. Open Pneumothorax
    3. Tension Pneumothorax
    4. Hemothorax
  2. Pathophysiology
    1. Air enters potential space between the visceral pleura and the parietal pleura
    2. Tension Pneumothorax may result
      1. Air accumulates in the pleural space with each breath taken
      2. Pressure compresses the lung tissue and inhibits venous return with secondary decreased cardiac output
  3. Causes
    1. Blunt chest trauma
    2. Penetrating chest trauma
    3. Spontaneous Pneumothorax
    4. Iatrogenic Pneumothorax (secondary to medical procedure)
  4. Signs
    1. Decreased breath sounds
    2. Hyperresonance to percussion
  5. Imaging: Chest XRay (End expiratory film)
    1. See Pneumothorax Imaging
  6. Precautions
    1. Until a Chest Tube is placed, Tension Pneumothorax is a risk
    2. Do not perform Positive Pressure Ventilation, general anesthesia or air transport until Pneumothorax decompression
  7. Management
    1. See Spontaneous Pneumothorax for non-traumatic Pneumothorax
    2. Chest Tube at 4-5th intercostal space at the mid-axillary line
      1. Confirm Chest Tube placement with Chest XRay

Pneumothorax (C0032326)

Definition (NCI) Abnormal presence of air in the pleural cavity resulting in the collapse of the lung.
Definition (NCI) A disorder characterized by abnormal presence of air in the pleural cavity resulting in the collapse of the lung.
Definition (MSH) An accumulation of air or gas in the pleural space, which may occur spontaneously or as a result of trauma or a pathological process, or be introduced deliberately ( = PNEUMOTHORAX, ARTIFICIAL). (Dorland, 27th ed)
Definition (CSP) accumulation of air or gas in the pleural space, which may occur spontaneously or as a result of trauma or a pathological process.
Concepts Disease or Syndrome (T047)
MSH D011030
ICD10 J93, J93.9
SnomedCT 155609008, 155612006, 196106000, 36118008
English Pneumothorax, pneumothorax disorder, PNEUMOTHORAX, Pneumothorax, NOS, Pneumothorax NOS, Pneumothorax, unspecified, pneumothorax, pneumothorax (diagnosis), Pneumothorax NOS (disorder), Pneumothorax [Disease/Finding], free air in the chest outside the lung, Pneumothorax (disorder)
French PNEUMOTHORAX, Pneumothorax SAI, Pneumothorax, Pneumothorax spontané
Portuguese PNEUMOTORAX, Pneumotórax NE, Pneumotórax
Spanish NEUMOTORAX, Neumotórax NEOM, Pneumothorax, Pneumothorax NOS, neumotórax (trastorno), neumotórax, SAI (trastorno), neumotórax, SAI, neumotórax, Neumotorax, Neumotórax
German PNEUMOTHORAX, Pneumothorax NNB, Pneumothorax, nicht naeher bezeichnet, Pneumothorax
Dutch pneumothorax NAO, Pneumothorax, niet gespecificeerd, pneumothorax, Pneumothorax, Thorax, pneumo-
Italian Pneumotorace NAS, Pneumotorace
Japanese 気胸, 気胸ＮＯＳ, ｷｷｮｳNOS, ｷｷｮｳ
Swedish Luft i lungsäcken
Czech pneumotorax, Pneumotorax NOS, Pneumotorax
Finnish Ilmarinta
Russian PNEVMOTORAKS, ПНЕВМОТОРАКС
Korean 상세불명의 공기가슴증, 공기가슴증
Croatian PNEUMOTORAKS
Polish Odma opłucnowa
Hungarian Pneumothorax, Pneumothorax k.m.n.
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


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