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Staphylococcal PneumoniaAka: Pneumonia due to Staphylococcus aureus

See Also
1. Bacterial Pneumonia
Epidemiology
1. Represents <10% of all community acquired Pneumonia
2. Debilitated or chronically ill patients
Risk factors
1. Preceding viral respiratory infection
  1. Influenza
  2. Measles
2. Cystic Fibrosis
3. Nosocomial acquisition in intensive care unit
4. Aspiration
5. Nursing home residents
6. Obstructing bronchogenic carcinoma
Symptoms and Signs
1. Similar to Pneumococcal Pneumonia
Complications
1. Tissue necrosis
2. Lung Cavitation
3. Empyema (common)
4. Pleural Effusion (common)
5. Pneumatocele (common)
6. Pneumothorax (25%)
Labs
1. Gram Stain
  1. Gram Positive Cocci within the Leukocytes
2. Blood Culture
  1. Frequently negative
Radiology: Chest XRay
1. Right lung involved in 65% of cases
2. Bilateral involvement in <20% of cases
Management
1. Avoid antibiotics with higher resistance
  1. Penicillin
  2. Ampicillin or Amoxicillin
2. Methicillin Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus
  1. Oxacillin
  2. Nafcillin
  3. Clindamycin (risk of inducible resistance)
3. Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus
  1. Vancomycin
  2. Linezolid
References
1. Gilbert (2001) Sanford Antimicrobial, p. 28

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This page was written by Scott Moses, MD. This page was last revised before 5/10/08, prior to consistent tracking of revision date. This page was last published on 6/1/2008. Please send comments and questions to the editor. Contact information may be found on the page About the Family Practice Notebook. These pages are best viewed with Microsoft Internet Explorer 6.0.