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AtelectasisAka: Lobar Collapse

See Also
1. Atelectasis on Chest XRay
Definition
1. Alveolar collapse of lung lobe
Pathophysiology
1. Bronchial obstruction results in lobar collapse
  1. Implies lack of collateral ventilation
2. Air distal to obstruction reabsorbed in 4-24 hours
  1. Reabsorption is faster with Supplemental Oxygen
Causes
1. Post-operative change
2. Rib Fracture or rib Contusion
Symptoms
1. Dyspnea
2. Chest Pain
Signs
1. Fever
2. Affected lung side or lobe
  1. Diminished respiratory movements
  2. Diminished breath sounds
  3. Dullness to percussion
3. Tracheal displacement toward affected side
Labs
1. Complete Blood Count
  1. Leukocytosis
Imaging
1. See Atelectasis on Chest XRay
2. Chest XRay
  1. Lung opacity in affected area
  2. Shifted mediastinum to affected side
  3. Elevated diaphragm on affected side
Management
1. Incentive Spirometry

Atelectasis (C0004144)
Definition (CSP)	collapse of all or part of a lung due to bronchial plugging or the chest cavity being opened to atomspheric pressure.
Definition (NCI)	(at-uh-LEK-tuh-sis) Failure of the lung to expand (inflate) completely. This may be caused by a blocked airway, a tumor, general anesthesia, pneumonia or other lung infections, lung disease, or long-term bedrest with shallow breathing. Sometimes called a collapsed lung.
Concepts	Pathologic Function (T046)
ICD9	33.39, 518.0, 518.0
MSH	D001261
English	Atelectases, Atelectasis, Collapse - lung, Collapse of lung, Pulmonary atelectasis, Pulmonary collapse, Pulmonary collapse with atelectasis, Pulmonary collapse-atelactasis
Spanish	atelectasia, colapso del pulmon, colapso pulmonar
Parent Concepts	Lung diseases (C0024115), STRUCTURAL DYSFUNCTION (C0549658), Other disorders of lung (C0348712), Non-Neoplastic Lung Disorder (C1335019), Ambiguous concept (C1274012), Duplicate concept (C1274013)
Sources	COSTAR, CSP, CST, DXP, ICD9CM, LCH, MSH, MTH, MTHICD9, NCI, NDFRT, QMR, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)