Infectious Disease Book

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Influenza B AntiviralAka: Zanamivir, Relenza, Oseltamivir, Tamiflu

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  1. See Also
    1. Influenza
    2. Influenza Vaccine
    3. Amantadine
  2. Indications: Covers both Influenza A and Influenza B
    1. Influenza
    2. Influenza prophylaxis
  3. Contraindications: Zanamivir (Relenza)
    1. Asthma
    2. COPD
  4. Dosing: Zanamivir (Relenza)
    1. Management
      1. Dose: 10 mg (2 inhalations) bid for 5 days
      2. FDA licensed use for age 7 years and older
    2. Prevention
      1. Dose: 10 mg (2 inhalations) bid for 5 days
      2. Not FDA licensed for prevention age <7 years
  5. Dosing: Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)
    1. Management
      1. Dose: 2 mg/kg/dose up to 75 mg PO bid
      2. Weight <15 kg: 30 mg PO bid for 5 days
      3. Weight 15 to 23 kg: 45 mg PO bid for 5 days
      4. Weight 23 to 40 kg: 60 mg PO bid
      5. Weight >40 kg: 75 mg PO bid for 5 days
      6. FDA licensed use for age 1 year and older
    2. Prevention
      1. Adult Dose: 75 mg qd for 7 days
      2. Not FDA licensed for prevention age <13 years
  6. Adverse effects
    1. Bronchospasm (with Relenza only)
  7. References
    1. (2002) Pediatrics 110(6):1246
    2. Stiver (2003) CMAJ 168(1):49

Zanamivir (C0216660)

Definition (NCI)A sialic acid analog and a neuraminidase inhibitor with antiviral property. Zanamivir selectively inhibits influenza A and B virus neuraminidase, a viral surface glycoprotein, which mediates the cleavages of sialic acid residues on the surfaces of host cells and influenza viral envelopes. The uncleaved sialic acid residues were bound by viral hemagglutinin, thereby resulting in viral aggregation at the host cell surface, thereby preventing the release of influenza virus particles into the respiratory tract.
Definition (MSH)A guanido-neuraminic acid that is used to inhibit NEURAMINIDASE.
ConceptsOrganic Chemical (T109) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121)
MSHD053243
English4 Guanidino Neu5Ac2en, 4-Guanidino-Neu5Ac2en, GANA, Zanamivir, ZANAMIVIR PREPARATION
Spanishzanamivir
Parent ConceptsGuanidines (C0018320), Pyrans (C0034234), Sialic Acids (C0037025), Antiviral Agents (C0003451), Drug allergen (C1320237), Neuraminidase inhibitor (C1443650), Anti-influenza Agents (C1579422)
SourcesMSH, MTHSPL, NCI, NDFRT, RXNORM, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT, USPMG, VANDF
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Oseltamivir (C0874161)

Definition (MSH)An acetamido cyclohexene that is a structural homolog of SIALIC ACID and inhibits NEURAMINIDASE.
Definition (NCI)A synthetic derivative prodrug of ethyl ester with antivira activity. Oseltamivir interferes with the final life cycle stage of influenza virus (host cell release of completed viral particles) by blocking neuraminidases on the surface of flu viruses. (NCI04)
ConceptsOrganic Chemical (T109) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121)
MSHD053139
EnglishOseltamivir, OSELTAMIVIR PREPARATION
Spanishoseltamivir
Parent ConceptsAcetamides (C0000968), Cyclohexenes (C1720923), Antiviral Agents (C0003451), GS 4071 (C0666764), Drug allergen (C1320237), Neuraminidase inhibitor (C1443650), Anti-influenza Agents (C1579422)
SourcesMSH, MTH, NCI, NDFRT, RXNORM, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT, USPMG, VANDF
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Relenza (C0876148)

ConceptsOrganic Chemical (T109) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121)
MSHD053243
EnglishBiota Brand of Zanamivir, Glaxo Wellcome Brand of Zanamivir, GlaxoSmithKline Brand of Zanamivir, Relenza, Zanamivir Biota Brand, Zanamivir GlaxoSmithKline Brand
SourcesMSH, NCI, RXNORM
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Tamiflu (C0876173)

ConceptsOrganic Chemical (T109) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121)
MSHD053139
EnglishTamiflu
SourcesMSH, NCI, RXNORM
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)



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