Hematology and Oncology Book

Cancer

  • Cancer Prevention

Cardiovascular Medicine

http://www.fpnotebook.com/

Cancer Prevention

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  1. Prevention
    1. Modify habits
      1. Tobacco Cessation (most important risk factor in cancer prevention)
      2. Limit Alcohol to 1 drink per day for women and 2 drinks per day for men
    2. Maintain a healthy weight
      1. Obesity is related to Breast Cancer, Colon Cancer, Endometrial Cancer, renal cancer
    3. Exercise regularly
      1. Exercise for at least 30 minutes/day for 5-7 days weekly, at moderate to strenuous pace
      2. Reduces Breast Cancer and Colon Cancer risk
    4. Eat a healthy diet
      1. Plant-based diets are best (maintain 5 or more vegetables and fruits daily)
      2. Select whole grain foods over refined grains
      3. Limit red meat and processed meat intake
      4. Avoid saturated fats
  2. Prevention: Myths (Exposures that do not cause cancer)
    1. Exposure to power lines does not increase cancer risk
      1. Finnish study of n=8415 cancer cases near power lines
      2. Compared with cancer Incidence over all of Finland
      3. No difference found
      4. References
        1. Verkasalo (1996) BMJ 313:1047
    2. Exposure to Cell Phones
      1. Does not appear related to Brain Tumor risk
      2. Long latency period however may require longer studies
      3. Retrospective study
        1. Brain Tumor patients (782) compared with 799 controls
        2. Inpatients from across U.S. surveyed 1994 to 1998
        3. No increased risk of Brain Tumor identified
      4. References
        1. Inskip (2001) N Engl J Med 344:79
  3. References
    1. Davies (2006) J Natl Cancer Inst 98(14):961
    2. Kushi (2006) CA Cancer J Clin 56(5):254

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