Hematology and Oncology Book

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Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic PurpuraAka: Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura, ITP

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  1. See Also
    1. Thrombocytopenia
    2. Drug induced Thrombocytopenia
  2. Epidemiology
    1. Most common Thrombocytopenia cause in children
    2. Peak onset between ages 2 to 4 years
  3. Pathophysiology
    1. IgG Antibody develops against platelet membrane antigen
    2. Acute Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
      1. Acute onset follows Viral Exanthem or viral Infection
      2. Occurs in otherwise healthy patients
    3. Chronic Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
      1. Insidious onset in patient with immune disorder
      2. More common onset in teenage girls
  4. Signs and Symptoms
    1. Purpura
    2. Mild Splenomegaly in 5 to 10% of cases
    3. Absent signs
      1. No fever, lethargy, pallor or weight loss
      2. No bone or joint pain
      3. No Lymphadenopathy
      4. No Hepatomegaly
  5. Labs
    1. Platelet Count drops rapidly
  6. Management
    1. Corticosteroids
    2. Splenectomy in refractory cases
      1. Safe and effective
      2. May be preferred in younger patients
      3. Gadenstatter (2002) Am J Surg 184:606
  7. Course: Acute Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
    1. Recovery within 6 to 12 months for 80-90% of children
    2. Most cases resolve within weeks
  8. References
    1. Blanchette (2000) Semin Hematol 37(3):299
    2. Bolton-Maggs (2000) Arch Dis Child 83(3):220
    3. George (1996) Blood 88:3
    4. Souid (1995) Clin Pediatr 34:487

Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic (C0043117)

Definition (MSH)Thrombocytopenia occurring in the absence of toxic exposure or a disease associated with decreased platelets. It is mediated by immune mechanisms, in most cases IMMUNOGLOBULIN G autoantibodies which attach to platelets and subsequently undergo destruction by macrophages. The disease is seen in acute (affecting children) and chronic (adult) forms.
ConceptsDisease or Syndrome (T047)
ICD9287.31
MSHD016553
EnglishAutoimmune Thrombocytopenic Purpura, Autoimmune Thrombocytopenic Purpuras, Ideopath thrombocytopenic pur, Idiopathic purpura, IDIOPATHIC THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA, Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpuras, ITP, ITP - idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, WERLHOF DIS, WERLHOF DISEASE, Werlhof's Disease, WERLHOFS DIS, Werlhofs Disease
Spanishenfermedad de Werlhof, PTI, purpura idiopatica, purpura trombocitopenica idiopatica
Parent ConceptsAutoimmune Diseases (C0004364), Hemorrhagic Disorders (C0019087), Thrombocytopenic purpura (C0857305), Autoimmune Thrombocytopenia (C0242584), Disorder of hematopoietic structure (C1532235), Ambiguous concept (C1274012)
SourcesCOSTAR, DXP, MSH, MTH, MTHICD9, NCI, NDFRT, OMIM, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)



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