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Red Blood Cell

Aka: Red Blood Cell, Red Blood Cell Count, Erythrocyte Count, RBC Count, Erythropoiesis, Proerythroblast, Polychromatophilic erythroblast, Orthochromatic erythroblast, Reticulocyte
  1. See Also
    1. Erythrocyte Morphology
  2. Physiology: Erythropoiesis (mature red cell development)
    1. See Bone Marrow (Erythroblast)
    2. Development in Marrow
      1. Proerythroblast is RBC stem cell in marrow (0.5 days)
      2. Basophilic Erythroblast (0.8 days)
        1. Nucleus shrinks, cytoplasm darkens with ribosomes
      3. Polychromatophilic erythroblast (1.3 days)
        1. Cell produces Hemoglobin
        2. Stains with basic and eosin stains
      4. Orthochromatic erythroblast (2.0 days)
        1. Cell appears more Eosinophilic
    3. Reticulocyte: Transition to Circulation
      1. Orthochromatic erythroblast sheds nucleus
      2. Marrow Reticulocyte spends 1.7 days in marrow
      3. Blood Reticulocyte spends 1.3 days in circulation
    4. Red Blood Cells in Circulation
      1. Mature Red Blood Cell (120 day life-span)
  3. Findings: Normal Values (in 10^6/ul or 10^12/L) per age
    1. Age <1 month: 3.6 to 6.6
    2. Age 1-6 months: 2.7 to 5.4
    3. Age 0.5 - 6 years: 3.7 to 5.3
    4. Age 6-12 years: 4.0 to 5.2
    5. Female
      1. Age 12-18 years: 4.1 to 5.1
      2. Age >18 years: 3.8 to 5.2
    6. Male
      1. Age 12-18 years: 4.5 to 5.3
      2. Age >18 years: 4.4 to 5.9
  4. Findings: Increased Red Blood Cell Count
    1. Polycythemia Vera
    2. Tobacco Abuse
    3. High altitude
    4. Renal cell carcinoma
    5. Cardiovascular disease
    6. Stress
    7. Dehydration
    8. Thalassemia Trait
  5. Findings: Decreased Red Blood Cell Count
    1. Anemia
    2. Hemolytic Anemia
    3. Acute Hemorrhage
    4. Marrow failure
    5. Chronic Renal Failure

Reticulocytes (C0035286)

Definition (MSH) Immature ERYTHROCYTES. In humans, these are ERYTHROID CELLS that have just undergone extrusion of their CELL NUCLEUS. They still contain some organelles that gradually decrease in number as the cells mature. RIBOSOMES are last to disappear. Certain staining techniques cause components of the ribosomes to precipitate into characteristic "reticulum" (not the same as the ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM), hence the name reticulocytes.
Definition (CSP) immature erythrocytes showing a basophilic reticulum under vital staining; in humans, these are erythroid cells that have just undergone extrusion of their cell nucleus.
Definition (NCI) Immature erythrocytes that have just undergone extrusion of their cell nucleus. They still contain some organelles that gradually decrease in number as the cells mature.
Concepts Cell (T025)
MSH D012156
SnomedCT 52802009
English Marrow reticulocyte, reticulocyte, Polychromatophilic Erythrocyte, Reticulocytes, Blood reticulocyte, reticulocytes, cells reticulocytes, Reticulocyte, Diffusely basophilic erythrocyte, Polychromatophilic erythrocyte, Reticulocyte (cell)
French Réticulocyte, Réticulocytes
Swedish Retikulocyter
Czech retikulocyty
Finnish Retikulosyytit
Russian RETIKULOTSITY, РЕТИКУЛОЦИТЫ
Croatian RETIKULOCITI
Latvian Retikulocīti
Polish Retikulocyty, Komórki siateczki
Spanish eritrocito difusamente basófilo, eritrocito policromatófilo, reticulocito (célula), reticulocito, Reticulocitos
German Retikulozyten
Italian Reticolociti
Dutch Reticulocyt, Reticulocyten
Portuguese Reticulócitos
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Erythropoiesis (C0014819)

Definition (NCI) The production of erythrocytes. In the human, in early embryonic life they are produced in the yolk sac; in the middle trimester, by the liver; in the third trimester and after birth, by the bone marrow exclusively. The maintenance in a normal individual of a remarkably constant erythrocyte count and erythrocyte mass in the peripheral blood implies the existence of an erythropoietic stimulus that under physiological conditions so regulates the rate of production of new erythrocytes as to balance the rate of normal destruction. (Guyton, Textbook of Medical Physiology, 8th ed, p356 & Miale, Laboratory Medicine Hematology, 6th ed, p17) Erythropoiesis is the formation and development of mature red blood cells (erythrocytes).
Definition (CSP) production of red blood cells.
Definition (MSH) The production of red blood cells (ERYTHROCYTES). In humans, erythrocytes are produced by the YOLK SAC in the first trimester; by the liver in the second trimester; by the BONE MARROW in the third trimester and after birth. In normal individuals, the erythrocyte count in the peripheral blood remains relatively constant implying a balance between the rate of erythrocyte production and rate of destruction.
Concepts Organ or Tissue Function (T042)
MSH D004920
SnomedCT 69611006
English Erythropoieses, Erythropoiesis, erythropoiesis, Erythrocyte production, NOS, Erythropoiesis, NOS, Erythrocyte production, function, erythropoieses, erythrocyte production, erythropoiese, Erythrocyte Differentiation, Erythrocyte production, Erythrocyte production, function (observable entity), Erythrocyte production (function)
Swedish Erytropoes
Czech erytropoéza
Finnish Erytropoieesi
Russian ERITROPOEZ, ЭРИТРОПОЭЗ
Croatian ERITROPOEZA
Polish Erytropoeza
Spanish eritropoyesis, erotrocitopoyesis, producción de corpúsculos rojos, producción de eritrocitos (entidad observable), producción de eritrocitos (función), producción de eritrocitos, producción de glóbulos rojos maduros, Eritropoyesis
French Érythropoïèse
German Erythropoese, Erythrozytenbildung
Italian Eritropoiesi
Dutch Erytropoëse
Portuguese Eritropoiese, Eritropoese
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Proerythroblasts (C0242277)

Definition (NCI) The earliest of four stages in development of the normoblast.
Concepts Cell (T025)
MSH D004900
SnomedCT 16671004
English RBC -Pro-erythroblasts present, proerythroblast, pronormoblast, rubriblast, Proerythroblasts, Pronormoblasts, Pronormoblast, Proerythroblast, Rubriblast, Pro-erythroblast, RBC - Pro-erythroblasts present, Pronormoblast (cell)
French Pro-érythroblastes, Proérythroblastes
Portuguese Proeritroblastos
Spanish Proeritroblastos, pro-eritroblasto presente, pro-eritroblasto, proeritroblasto, pronormoblasto (célula), pronormoblasto, rubriblasto
German Proerythroblasten
Dutch Pro-erytroblast, Pronormoblast
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Erythrocytes (C0014792)

Definition (NCI) A cell that carries oxygen to all parts of the body.
Definition (MSH) Red blood cells. Mature erythrocytes are non-nucleated, biconcave disks containing HEMOGLOBIN whose function is to transport OXYGEN.
Definition (CSP) red blood cells; mature erythrocytes are non-nucleated, biconcave disks containing hemoglobin whose function is to transport oxygen.
Definition (NCI) Cell specialized for oxygen transport, having a high concentration of hemoglobin in the cytoplasm and little else; biconcave, anucleate discs, 7nm diameter in mammals.
Concepts Cell (T025)
MSH D004912
SnomedCT 256376002, 41898006
HL7 RBC
English Blood erythrocyte, Blood normocyte, Blood red cell, Blood Cells, Red, Red Blood Cells, Blood Cell, Red, Red Blood Cell, Erythrocyte, NOS, Erythrocytic, Red blood cells, Red cells, red blood cell, Blood erythrocytic cell, Red cell of marrow, Marrow erythrocyte, Blood Corpuscle, Red, Red Blood Corpuscle, Red Blood Corpuscles, Corpuscle, Red Blood, Blood Corpuscles, Red, Corpuscles, Red Blood, erythrocytes, Red blood cell (cell), Anucleate erythrocyte, Red blood corpuscle, bloods cells red, erythrocytic, blood corpuscles red, rbcs, blood corpuscle, blood erythrocytes, blood cells rbc red, cells red blood, red blood corpuscle, red blood cells, erythrocyte, Erythrocytic Cells, Erythrocyte, RBC, Red blood cell, Red blood corpuscule, RBC - Red blood cell, Erythrocyte (cell), Erythrocytes, Red Cell, Reticuloendothelial System, Erythrocytes
Portuguese Hemácias, Corpúsculos Vermelhos do Sangue, Corpúsculos Sanguíneos Vermelhos, Corpúsculos Vermelhos Sanguíneos, Eritrócitos, Glóbulos Vermelhos
Spanish Hematies, Hematíes, glóbulos rojos, glóbulo rojo sanguíneo, Red blood cell, Corpúsculos Rojos de la Sangre, Corpusculos Rojos de la Sangre, Corpúsculos Rojos Sanguíneos, Corpusculos Rojos Sanguineos, Corpúsculos Sanguíneos Rojos, Corpusculos Sanguineos Rojos, hematíes, GR, eritrocito (célula), eritrocito, glóbulo rojo, Eritrocitos, Globulos Rojos, Glóbulos Rojos
French Globule rouge, Érythrocyte, Globules rouges, Hématies, Hématie, Érythrocytes
Swedish Röda blodkroppar
Czech erytrocyty
Finnish Punasolut
Italian Globuli rossi, Eritrociti
Russian ERITROTSITY, KRASNYE KROVIANYE TEL'TSA, КРАСНЫЕ КРОВЯНЫЕ ТЕЛЬЦА, ЭРИТРОЦИТЫ
Japanese 赤血球
Croatian ERITROCITI
Latvian Eritrocīti, Sarkanie asins ķermenīši, Asins ķermenīši, sarkanie, Sarkanās asins šūnas, Asins šūnas, sarkanās
Polish Erytrocyty, Krwinki czerwone
German Erythrozyten, Blutkörperchen, rote, Rote Blutkörperchen
Dutch Bloedcellen, rode, Erythrocyt, Erythrocyten, Rode bloedcellen
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


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