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PancytopeniaAka: Bicytopenia

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  1. See Also
    1. Aplastic Anemia
  2. Definition
    1. Bicytopenia: decrease in two of three cell lines
      1. May suggest pancytopenia in development
    2. Pancytopenia: decrease in all blood cell lines
      1. Anemia
      2. Leukocytopenia
      3. Thrombocytopenia
  3. Causes
    1. Aplastic Anemia
    2. Vitamin B12 Deficiency
    3. Folate Deficiency
    4. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
    5. Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria
    6. Severe infection
    7. Brucellosis
    8. Sarcoidosis
    9. Pregnancy
    10. Fanconi's Anemia
    11. Primary Bone Marrow disorder
      1. Multiple Myeloma
      2. Metastatic cancer
      3. Myelofibrosis
      4. Osteopetrosis
    12. Splenic disorder
      1. Lymphoma
      2. Gaucher Disease
      3. Niemann-Pick Disease
      4. Splenomegaly due to congestion
      5. Kala-Azar
  4. Signs: Clinical Clues
    1. Splenomegaly
    2. Lymphadenopathy
  5. Labs
    1. Complete Blood Count
      1. Pancytopenia consistent with cell counts as below
    2. Peripheral Smear
      1. Macrocytic Anemia
      2. Reticulocytopenia (Reticulocyte Index <1%)
      3. Thrombocytopenia (Platelet Count <20,000/mm3)
      4. Neutropenia
        1. Absolute Neutrophil Count <500/mm3
        2. ANC <200/mm3 suggests very severe disease
  6. Evaluation
    1. Bone Marrow Biopsy: Normal count or hyperplasia
      1. Findings: Blasts, Dysplasia or Fibrosis
      2. Examples (See causes above)
        1. Myelodysplastic Syndrome
        2. Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)
        3. Agnogenic myeloid metaplasia
    2. Bone Marrow Biopsy: Fat infiltration (Hypoplasia)
      1. Acquired Aplastic Anemia or
      2. Fanconi's Anemia
        1. Diepoxybutane induced chromosome breakage or
        2. Mitomycin-C induced chromosome breakage
  7. References
    1. Lee (1999) Wintrobe's Hematology, Lippincott, p. 1449
    2. Saiki in Friedman (1991) Medical Diagnosis, p. 225

Pancytopenia (C0030312)

Definition (MSH)Deficiency of all three cell elements of the blood, erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets.
ConceptsDisease or Syndrome (T047)
ICD9284.1
MSHD010198
EnglishBone marrow failure, Pancytopenia, Pancytopenias
Spanishpancitopenia
Parent ConceptsHematological Disease (C0018939), Bone marrow depression (C0151773), marrow cells decreased (C0549541), Aplastic anemia and other bone marrow failure syndromes (C1719323), Cytopenia (C0010828), Anemia (C0002871), Leukopenia (C0023530), Pancytopenia (C0030312), Thrombocytopenia (C0040034)
SourcesAOD, COSTAR, CST, DXP, ICD9CM, MSH, NCI, NDFRT, OMIM, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)



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