Tyrosine Kinase

Aka: Tyrosine Kinase, Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, EGFR, HER1, HER2/neu, VEGF

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II. Physiology

  1. Tyrosine Kinase
    1. Key enzyme in molecular signaling pathway
    2. Transfers a phosphate from ATP to a Protein's tyrosine Amino Acid
  2. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR, HER1)
    1. Tyrosine Kinase that is activated by specific Ligands
    2. Triggers cascade that leads to cell proliferation, invasion and migration
    3. Target for cancer treatments (e.g. Erbitux, Vectibix, Tarceva, Iressa, Tykerb)
  3. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF)
    1. Angiogenesis signaling Protein
    2. Binds to VEGF receptors on Tyrosine Kinases to initiate Angiogenesis
    3. Target in some Targeted Cancer Therapy (e.g. Avastin)
    4. Also used in Age-Related Macular Degeneration as a VEGF Inhibitor Intravitreal Injection
  4. HER2/neu
    1. EGFR related Tyrosine Kinase important in Breast Cancer
    2. Overexpression of HER2/neu may predict worse prognosis and cancer recurrence
    3. Targeted Cancer Therapy examples include Herceptin and Tykerb

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