Human Immunodeficiency Virus Book

http://www.fpnotebook.com/

StavudineAka: d4T, Zerit

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  1. Mechanism
    1. Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor
    2. Inhibits HIV replication
  2. Pharmacokinetics
    1. Well absorbed with 83% bioavailability
  3. Efficacy
    1. Increases CD4 Counts and suppresses HIV p24 antigenemia
      1. Doses of 0.1-2.0 mg/day
      2. Dose related response (better at higher doses)
    2. Very little resistance currently
  4. Dosing
    1. Stavudine 40 mg PO bid ($224/month)
  5. Toxicity
    1. Less Bone Marrow toxicity than Zidovudine (AZT)
  6. Adverse Effects
    1. Headache
    2. Nausea, Vomiting
    3. Asthenia, confusion
    4. Serum Aminotransferase elevation
    5. Creatine Kinase elevation
    6. Moderate painful sensory Peripheral Neuropathy
      1. Most serious side effect
      2. Dose related (may not recur if restart at lower dose)
    7. Pancreatitis and hyperamylasemia (rare)

Stavudine (C0164662)

Definition (MSH)A dideoxynucleoside analog that inhibits reverse transcriptase and has in vitro activity against HIV.
Definition (CSP)nucleoside analog; used as an antiviral agent.
Definition (NCI)A drug that belongs to the family of drugs called nucleoside analogues. It is used to treat infection caused by viruses.
Definition (PDQ)A synthetic nucleoside, analog of didehydro-3-deoxythymidine with potent antiretroviral activity. In vivo, stavudine is phosphorylated by cellular kinases to the active metabolite stavudine triphosphate; this metabolite inhibits the activity of HIV reverse transcriptase both by competing with the natural substrate deoxythymidine triphosphate and by incorporation into viral DNA causing a termination of DNA chain elongation (due to the lack the essential 3'-OH group). Check for "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=41064&idtype=1" active clinical trials or "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=41064&idtype=1&closed=1" closed clinical trials using this agent. ("http://nciterms.nci.nih.gov:80/NCIBrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&code=C1428" NCI Thesaurus)
Definition (NCI)A synthetic nucleoside, analog of didehydro-3-deoxythymidine with potent antiretroviral activity. In vivo, stavudine is phosphorylated by cellular kinases to the active metabolite stavudine triphosphate; this metabolite inhibits the activity of HIV reverse transcriptase both by competing with the natural substrate deoxythymidine triphosphate and by incorporation into viral DNA causing a termination of DNA chain elongation (due to the lack the essential 3'-OH group). (NCI04)
ConceptsNucleic Acid, Nucleoside, or Nucleotide (T114) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121)
English2'3' didehydro 3' deoxythymidine, 2'3' didehydrodeoxythymidine, 3'-Deoxy-2'-thymidinene, D A 004 T, D4T, didehydrodeoxythymidine, DIDEHYDRODEOXYTHYMIDINE 02 03 03, dideoxydidehydrothymidine, Stavudine, STAVUDINE PREPARATION
Spanishestavudina
Parent Concepts2',3'-Dideoxynucleosides (C0282384), Dideoxynucleosides (C0012136), Thymidine (C0040077), Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (C0282519), Antiviral Agents (C0003451), Stavudine (C0164662), Drug allergen (C1320237), Anti-HIV Agents, Nucleoside and Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (C1579421)
SourcesCSP, LNC, MSH, MTHSPL, NCI, NDFRT, PDQ, RXNORM, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT, USPMG, VANDF
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Zerit (C0701312)

ConceptsNucleic Acid, Nucleoside, or Nucleotide (T114) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121)
EnglishBristol-Myers Brand of Stavudine, Bristol-Myers Squibb Brand of Stavudine, Zerit
SourcesCSP, MSH, NCI, PDQ, RXNORM
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)



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