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DidanosineAka: ddI, Videx
- Mechanism
- Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor
- Purine analogue
- Degraded at an acidic pH (all preparations have buffer)
- Pharmacokinetics
- Crosses the Blood brain barrier
- Actively excreted by the kidney
- Efficacy
- Dosing
- Didanosine 200 mg PO bid ($186/month)
- Take on an empty stomach
- Avoid concurrent Alcohol (exacerbates toxicity)
- Take Medications requiring acidic pH 2 hours after ddI
- Toxicity
- Peripheral Neuropathy
- Pancreatitis - most serious toxicity!
- Incidence
- Dose 500 mg/day: 7% Pancreatitis
- Dose 750 mg/day: 9% Pancreatitis
- Increased risk if Hyperamylasemia
- Dose 500-750 mg/day: 18% Hyperamylasemia
- Interrupt therapy if suspect Pancreatitis
- Avoid other pancreatic toxins (e.g. Pentamidine)
- Incidence
- Hyperamylasemia
- Hyperuricemia
- Dry Mouth
- Gastrointestinal symptoms
- Hepatic toxicity
- Electrolyte imbalances (rare)
- Cardiac arrhythmias (rare)
Didanosine (C0012133) | |
|---|---|
| Definition (MSH) | A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. Didanosine is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA by binding to reverse transcriptase; ddI is then metabolized to dideoxyadenosine triphosphate, its putative active metabolite. |
| Definition (CSP) | inosine nucleoside analog; antiHIV agent. |
| Definition (NCI) | A drug used to treat infection caused by viruses. |
| Definition (PDQ) | A synthetic nucleoside analogue of deoxyadenosine in which the 3' hydroxyl on the ribose moiety is replaced by a hydrogen atom. In vivo, didanosine is converted to the active triphosphate form, which is incorporated into DNA. The absence of the 3' hydroxyl inhibits DNA elongation because phosphodiester bonds cannot be made with the substituted hydrogen. Check for "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=37814&idtype=1" active clinical trials or "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=37814&idtype=1&closed=1" closed clinical trials using this agent. ("http://nciterms.nci.nih.gov:80/NCIBrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&code=C431" NCI Thesaurus) |
| Definition (NCI) | A synthetic nucleoside analogue of deoxyadenosine in which the 3' hydroxyl on the ribose moiety is replaced by a hydrogen atom. In vivo, didanosine is converted to the active triphosphate form, which is incorporated into DNA. The absence of the 3' hydroxyl inhibits DNA elongation because phosphodiester bonds cannot be made with the substituted hydrogen. (NCI04) |
| Concepts | Nucleic Acid, Nucleoside, or Nucleotide (T114) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121) |
| MSH | D016049 |
| English | 2'3' dideoxyinosine, ddI, Didanosine, Didanosine EC, Dideoxyinosine, Dideoxyinosine -RETIRED- |
| Spanish | didanosina, didesoxinosina-RETIRADO- |
| Parent Concepts | 2',3'-Dideoxynucleosides (C0282384), Dideoxynucleosides (C0012136), Inosine (C0021528), Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (C0282519), Antiviral Agents (C0003451), Reason not stated concept (C1276325), Drug allergen (C1320237), Anti-HIV Agents, Nucleoside and Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (C1579421) |
| Sources | CSP, LNC, MSH, NCI, NDFRT, PDQ, RXNORM, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT, USPMG, VANDF Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
Videx (C0592249) | |
|---|---|
| Concepts | Nucleic Acid, Nucleoside, or Nucleotide (T114) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121) |
| MSH | D016049 |
| English | Bristol Myers Brand of Didanosine, Bristol Myers Squibb Brand of Didanosine, Bristol-Myers Brand of Didanosine, Bristol-Myers Squibb Brand of Didanosine, Videx |
| Sources | CSP, MSH, NCI, PDQ, RXNORM Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
