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Prevention of Secondary Infection in HIVAka: HIV Prophylaxis of Secondary Infection

General Strategies to avoid secondary infections
1. Always use Condoms
2. Avoid oral-to-anal sex
3. Sterile technique for tattoos, piercings, IVDA
4. Avoid raw eggs or fish, unpasterized juices or milk
  1. See Foodborne Illness Prevention
5. Avoid higher risk environments for secondary infection
  1. Work at homeless shelters, day care centers, prisons
  2. Exposure to animal feces (cat, bat)
Immunizations
1. See Immunization in HIV
Antibiotic Prophylaxis
1. CD4 Count <200/mm3 or Thrush: Pneumocystis prophylaxis
  1. TMP-SMX DS or SS daily or
  2. Dapsone or
  3. Atovaquone
2. CD4 Count <100/mm3 or Toxoplasma IgG positive: Toxoplasmosis prophylaxis
  1. TMP-SMX DS or SS daily
3. CD4 Count <50/mm3: Mycobacterium Avium Intracellulare (MAI)
  1. Azithromycin 1200 mg orally weekly or
  2. Clarithromycin 500 mg orally twice daily
References
1. Kaplan (2002) MMWR Recomm Rep 51:1

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This page was written by Scott Moses, MD. This page was last revised before 5/10/08, prior to consistent tracking of revision date. This page was last published on 6/1/2008. Please send comments and questions to the editor. Contact information may be found on the page About the Family Practice Notebook. These pages are best viewed with Microsoft Internet Explorer 6.0.