II. Epidemiology

  1. Since Rotavirus Vaccine was initiated in 2006 in U.S., cases have fallen as much as 90%
  2. Prior to Rotavirus Vaccine starting in 2006, was the most common cause of Acute Infectious Diarrhea in the U.S.
    1. Accounted for 35% of child hospitalizations for Diarrhea
    2. Hospitalizations: 55,000 to 70,000 per year in United States
    3. Mortality: 20-60 deaths per year in United States
  3. Worldwide Rotavirus still kills more than 400,000 children under age 5 years old
  4. Peak ages affected: 6 months to 2 years old
    1. Uncommon under age 6 months or over age 4 years
  5. Infection peaks in March (mid-January to late May)

III. Pathophysiology

  1. Antibody to Rotavirus is protective
  2. Self limited Infection
  3. Transmission: Fecal-oral route
  4. Incubation: 1-3 days

IV. Symptoms

  1. Emesis for 3 days
  2. Severe Watery Diarrhea for 3-8 days
  3. Fever
  4. Upper respiratory symptoms

V. Prevention

  1. Careful Hand Washing
  2. See Rotavirus Vaccine
    1. Limited use due to Intussusception risk

VI. Resources

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