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ScleraAka: Scleral Icterus, Yellow Sclera

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  1. Physiology
    1. Sclera is thick, protective outer coat of the eye
    2. Poorly vascularized
  2. Normal Findings
    1. Normally white and opaque
  3. Scleral Inflammation
    1. Scleritis
    2. Episcleritis
  4. Scleral Discoloration
    1. Blue sclera suggests Osteogenesis Imperfecta
    2. Yellow Sclera Causes
      1. Carotenemia does not involve the sclera
      2. Scleral Icterus
        1. Hyperbilirubinemia (associated with Jaundice)
        2. Bilirubin uniformly deposits throughout sclera
      3. Quinacrine
        1. Yellow discoloration near Limbus
      4. Yellow subscleral fat (normal)
        1. Involves only the area farthest from the Limbus
  5. Reference
    1. Degowin (1987) Bedside Diagnostic Exam, p. 480

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