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CorneaAka: Corneal Epithelium, Bowman's Membrane, Corneal Stroma, Corneal Endothelium, Descemet's Membrane
- See Also
- Definition
- Transparent front refractive window of eye
- Physiology
- Dimensions
- Vertical: 11.6 mm
- Horizontal: 11.5 mm
- Thickness
- Peripheral: 1 mm
- Central: 0.55 mm
- Five distinct layers
- Epithelium (Exterior layer of cornea)
- Prevents infection
- Smooth refractive surface
- Bowman's Membrane
- Stroma (90% of corneal thickness)
- Composed of collagen fibrils intertwined
- Supportive structure of cornea
- Endothelium
- Dehydrates cornea via Na-K ATP Pump
- Relative dehydration maintains corneal clarity
- Descemet's Membrane (Interior Layer of cornea)
- Endothelium basement membrane
- Epithelium (Exterior layer of cornea)
- Function
- Barrier protection
- UV light filtration
- Refraction
- Cornea provides 65-75% of eye's focusing power
- Unlike lens, cornea's Refraction power is fixed
- Blood supply
- No direct blood supply to maintain transparency
- All nutrition supplied indirectly
- Tears
- Ambient oxygen
- Aqueous Humor of anterior chamber
- Dimensions
Corneal Diseases (C0010034) | |
|---|---|
| Definition (MSH) | Diseases of the cornea. |
| Definition (CSP) | pathological process affecting the transparent anterior portion of the fibrous coat of the eye. |
| Definition (NCI) | The transparent part of the eye that covers the iris and the pupil and allows light to enter the inside. |
| Definition (NCI) | The transparent anterior portion of the fibrous coat of the eye consisting of five layers: stratified squamous epithelium, Bowman's membrane, stroma, Descemet's membrane, and mesenchymal endothelium. It serves as the first refracting medium of the eye. It is structurally continuous with the sclera, is avascular, receiving its nourishment by permeation through spaces between the lamellae, and is innervated by the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve via the ciliary nerves and those of the surrounding conjunctiva which together form plexuses. |
| Concepts | Disease or Syndrome (T047) |
| ICD9 | 371.9 |
| MSH | D003316 |
| English | Cornea, cornea disorder, CORNEAL DIS, Corneal Disease, Corneal Diseases, corneal disorder, CORNEAL DISORDERS, DISEASE OF CORNEA, DISORDER CORNEAL, Disorder of cornea, Unspecified corneal disorder |
| Spanish | enfermedad de la cornea, trastorno corneal, trastorno de la cornea |
| Parent Concepts | Eye diseases (C0015397), Corneal opacity and other disorders of cornea (C0155097), Eye part (C1268161), Eye (MMHCC) (C1517081), Corneal finding (C0423225), Disorder of anterior segment of eye (C0730121) |
| Sources | AOD, COSTAR, CSP, CST, ICD9CM, MSH, MTH, NCI, NDFRT, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
Corneal Stroma (C0010040) | |
|---|---|
| Definition (MSH) | The lamellated connective tissue constituting the thickest layer of the cornea between the Bowman and Descemet membranes. |
| Definition (CSP) | lamellated connective tissue constituting the thickest layer of the cornea between the Bowman and Descemet membranes. |
| Definition (NCI) | The lamellated connective tissue constituting the thickest layer of the cornea between the Bowman and Descemet membranes. (MeSH) |
| Concepts | Body Part, Organ, or Organ Component (T023) |
| MSH | D003319 |
| English | Corneal Stroma, Corneal Stromas, Stroma of cornea, Structure of substantia propria of cornea, Substantia propria of cornea |
| Spanish | estroma de la cornea, estructura de la sustancia propia de la cornea, sustancia propia de la cornea |
| Parent Concepts | Cornea (C0010031), Eye part (C1268161), Dense fibrous connective tissue (C0225333), Structure of corneal layer (C0459674), Structure of soft tissues of head (C1276273) |
| Sources | CSP, MSH, MTH, NCI, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT, UWDA Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
Corneal Endothelium (C0014259) | |
|---|---|
| Definition (MSH) | Single layer of large flattened cells covering the surface of the cornea. |
| Definition (CSP) | single layer of large flattened cells covering the surface of the cornea. |
| Concepts | Tissue (T024) |
| MSH | D004728 |
| English | Corneal Endothelium, Structure of corneal endothelium |
| Spanish | endotelio de la cornea, estructura del endotelio de la cornea |
| Parent Concepts | Cornea (C0010031), Anterior chamber of eye structure (C0003151), Endothelium (C0014257), Body tissue (C0040300), Structure of posterior surface of cornea (C0229122), Structure of corneal layer (C0459674) |
| Sources | CSP, MSH, MTH, NCI, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT, UWDA Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
Structure of corneal epithelium (C0459875) | |
|---|---|
| Definition (MSH) | Stratified squamous epithelium that covers the outer surface of the CORNEA. It is smooth and contains many free nerve endings. |
| Definition (CSP) | stratified squamous epithelium that covers the outer surface of the cornea; it is smooth and contains many free nerve endings. |
| Definition (NCI) | Stratified squamous epithelium that covers the outer surface of the cornea. (MeSH) |
| Concepts | Tissue (T024) |
| MSH | D019573 |
| English | Anterior corneal epithelium, Corneal epithelium, Epithelium of cornea, External epithelium of cornea, Structure of corneal epithelium |
| Spanish | epitelio externo de la cornea, estructura del epitelio externo de la cornea |
| Parent Concepts | Cornea (C0010031), Epithelium (C0014609), Multilaminar epithelium (C0682575), Structure of corneal layer (C0459674), Anterior surface of cornea (C0580756), Conjunctival and corneal surface structure (C1285515), Structure of skin and/or surface epithelium (C1302881), Conjunctival sac (C0229271), Atypical epithelium (C0932011) |
| Sources | CSP, MSH, MTH, NCI, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT, UWDA Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
