II. Pathophysiology

  1. Mites
    1. Adult 8-legged Arthopods (Arachnids, same family as Spiders and ticks)
    2. Tiny Insects <1 mm long
  2. Scabies
    1. See Scabies
  3. Chiggers
    1. Six-legged larval form of mites (appear as tiny red dots on skin)
    2. Responsible for Human Bites and vector for disease
    3. Chiggers crawl onto skin when host sits or lies on lawn or grass (appear as tiny red specks)
      1. Move into constrictive clothing where they bite

III. Associated Conditions: Chigger as vector of disease

  1. Rickettsial Pox (Rickettsia akari)
  2. Scrub Typhus (outside U.S., esp. south asia)

IV. Symptoms

  1. Pruritic welts along constrictive clothing lines (waist band or sock line)

V. Signs

  1. Allergic Reaction to Chigger Bite Saliva
    1. Large welt forms at site of Chigger Bite
  2. Distribution of bite sites
    1. Occluded areas (e.g. beneath waistband, belt line or sock line)
    2. Intertriginous areas (e.g. axilla)
    3. Penis may be affected (severe in some cases)
      1. May be known as Summer Penile Syndrome
      2. Smith (1998) Pediatr Emerg Care 14(2): 116-8 [PubMed]

VI. Management

VII. Prevention

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