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Freckles

Aka: Freckles, Freckle, Ephelides

Epidemiology
1. Common occurrence in light-skinned, red-haired patients
2. Onset in childhood
Signs
1. Characteristics
  1. Light, tan or brown Macules, each 1-2 mm with sharp demarcation
  2. Darkens with Sun Exposure
2. Distribution
  1. Face and nose more commonly affected
  2. Neck, chest and arms are also affected
Differential Diagnosis
1. Lentigo (Lentigines)
  1. Lentigo does not darken on sunlight exposure
Management
1. Skin Cancer Prevention
  1. Sun avoidance
  2. Sunscreen
  3. Frequent skin exam
2. Cosmetic removal
  1. Typically not needed (lesions fade in winter)
  2. Same treatments used in Lentigo may be employed for Freckles
References
1. Plensdorf (2009) Am Fam Physician 79(2): 109-16

Freckles (C0016689)
Concepts	Finding (T033)
MSH	D008548
ICD10	L81.2
SnomedCT	201287003, 403536009, 72298008, 156438005, 267870007
English	Macula solaris, Freckles, EPHELIDES, FRECKLES, Freckling, ephelides, ephelides (diagnosis), freckle, ephelis, melanotic macule, Ephelis, Freckle, Ephelides, Ephelides (disorder), Ephelis (disorder), Melanotic macule, freckle(s), Sun spots, freckles
Spanish	PECAS, Manchas solares, Ephelis, Freckles, Pecas, efélides (trastorno), efélides, mácula melanótica (trastorno), mácula melanótica, pecas, Efélides
Italian	Efelidi, Lentiggini, Macchie solari
Dutch	zonnevlekken, sproeten, ephelis, Sproeten
French	Taches dues au soleil, Éphélides, EPHELIDES, Ephélides, Taches de rousseur
Portuguese	Manchas provocadas pela exposição ao sol, Sardas, SARDA, Efélides
Japanese	そばかす, 日光斑, 雀卵斑, ｿﾊﾞｶｽ, ｼﾞｬｸﾗﾝﾊﾝ, ﾆｯｺｳﾊﾝ
German	Sommersprossen, Epheliden, SOMMERSPROSSEN, Ephelides
Czech	Sluneční skvrny, Pihy, pihy
Korean	주근깨
Hungarian	Szeplős, Ephelides, Nap foltok
Sources	Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)