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Imidazole AntifungalAka: Azole Antifungal, Sulconazole, Exelderm, Miconazole, Micatin, Clotrimazole, Lotrimin, Econazole, Spectazole, Oxiconazole, Oxistat

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  1. See Also
    1. Topical Antifungal
  2. Indications
    1. Dermatophyte Infection
    2. Cutaneous Candidiasis
    3. Tinea Versicolor
  3. Mechanism: Broad spectrum Antifungal activity
    1. Antifungal for dermatophytes and yeast
    2. Some Gram Positive antibacterial activity
  4. Preparations: Twice daily dosing
    1. Clotrimazole 1% (Lotrimin, Mycelex, OTC)
    2. Miconazole nitrate 2% (Monistat-Derm, Micatin, OTC)
    3. Econazole nitrate 1% (Spectazole)
  5. Preparations: Once daily dosing (long durability agents)
    1. Ketoconazole 2% (Nizoral)
    2. Oxiconazole nitrate 1% (Oxistat)
    3. Sulconazole (Exelderm)

Clotrimazole (C0009074)

Definition (MSH)An imidazole derivative with a broad spectrum of antimycotic activity. It inhibits biosynthesis of the sterol ergostol, an important component of fungal CELL MEMBRANES. Its action leads to increased membrane permeability and apparent disruption of enzyme systems bound to the membrane.
Definition (PDQ)A synthetic, imidazole derivate with broad-spectrum, antifungal activity. Clotrimazole inhibits biosynthesis of sterols, particularly ergosterol, an essential component of the fungal cell membrane, thereby damaging and affecting the permeability of the cell membrane. This results in leakage and loss of essential intracellular compounds, and eventually causes cell lysis. Check for "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=39116&idtype=1" active clinical trials or "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=39116&idtype=1&closed=1" closed clinical trials using this agent. ("http://nciterms.nci.nih.gov:80/NCIBrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&code=C381" NCI Thesaurus)
Definition (NCI)A synthetic, imidazole derivate with broad-spectrum, antifungal activity. Clotrimazole inhibits biosynthesis of sterols, particularly ergosterol, an essential component of the fungal cell membrane, thereby damaging and affecting the permeability of the cell membrane. This results in leakage and loss of essential intracellular compounds, and eventually causes cell lysis.
ConceptsOrganic Chemical (T109) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121)
MSHD003022
EnglishCLOT, Clotrimazole, CLOTRIMAZOLE PREPARATION, Clotrimazole product, Klotrimazole
Spanishclotrimazol
Parent ConceptsImidazoles (C0020924), Antifungal Agents (C0003308), [DE102] ANTIFUNGAL, TOPICAL (C0973520), [GU300] ANTI-INFECTIVES, VAGINAL (C0973559), [NT900] NASAL AND THROAT, TOPICAL, OTHER (C0973584), Clotrimazole (C0009074), Imidazole antifungal (C0360364), Azole antifungal (C0360363), Dermatological Antifungals (C1579274)
SourcesCSP, LNC, MSH, MTH, MTHSPL, NCI, NDFRT, PDQ, RXNORM, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT, USPMG, VANDF
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Econazole (C0013547)

Definition (MSH)A broad spectrum antimycotic with some action against Gram positive bacteria. It is used topically in dermatomycoses also orally and parenterally.
Definition (NCI)An imidazole with antifungal property. Econazole compromises the integrity of fungal cell wall through inhibiting 14-alpha demethylase, which catalyzes conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol, an essential component of the fungal cell wall. As a result, this agent increases cellular permeability thereby resulting in leakage of cellular contents. Furthermore, econazole has also been implicated to inhibit endogenous respiration, interact with membrane phospholipids, inhibit purine uptake, and impair triglyceride and/or phospholipid biosynthesis.
ConceptsOrganic Chemical (T109) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121)
MSHD004464
EnglishEconazole, ECONAZOLE PREPARATION, Ekonazole
Spanisheconazol
Parent ConceptsImidazoles (C0020924), Antifungal Agents (C0003308), [DE102] ANTIFUNGAL, TOPICAL (C0973520), Skin antifungal agent (C0304591), Mucous membrane antifungal agent (C0304592), Imidazole antifungal (C0360364), Dermatological Antifungals (C1579274)
SourcesLNC, MSH, NCI, NDFRT, RXNORM, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT, USPMG, VANDF
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Miconazole (C0025942)

Definition (MSH)An imidazole antifungal agent that is used topically and by intravenous infusion.
Definition (NCI)An antifungal synthetic derivative of imidazole and used in the treatment of candidal skin infections, Miconazole selectively affects the integrity of fungal cell membranes, high in ergosterol content and different in composition from mammalian cells membranes. (NCI04)
ConceptsOrganic Chemical (T109) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121)
MSHD008825
EnglishMiconazole, MICONAZOLE PREPARATION, Miconazole product
Spanishmiconazol
Parent ConceptsImidazoles (C0020924), Antifungal Agents (C0003308), Miconazole (C0025942), Imidazole antifungal (C0360364), Azole antifungal (C0360363), Dermatological Antifungals (C1579274)
SourcesLCH, LNC, MSH, NCI, NDFRT, RXNORM, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT, USPMG, VANDF
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


oxiconazole (C0069765)

ConceptsOrganic Chemical (T109) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121)
MSHC022155
Englishoxiconazole, OXICONAZOLE PREPARATION, oxyconazole
Spanishoxiconazol
Parent ConceptsAntifungal Agents (C0003308), Imidazoles (C0020924), [DE102] ANTIFUNGAL, TOPICAL (C0973520), Skin antifungal agent (C0304591), Dermatological Antifungals (C1579274)
SourcesMSH, NCI, NDFRT, RXNORM, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT, USPMG, VANDF
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


sulconazole (C0075503)

ConceptsOrganic Chemical (T109) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121)
MSHC033308
Englishsulconazole, SULCONAZOLE PREPARATION
Spanishsulconazol
Parent ConceptsAntifungal Agents (C0003308), Imidazoles (C0020924), [DE102] ANTIFUNGAL, TOPICAL (C0973520), Skin antifungal agent (C0304591), Imidazole antifungal (C0360364), Duplicate concept (C1274013), Dermatological Antifungals (C1579274)
SourcesMSH, NCI, NDFRT, RXNORM, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT, USPMG, VANDF
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Azole antifungal (C0360363)

ConceptsOrganic Chemical (T109) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121)
EnglishAzole antifungal, Azole Antifungals
Spanishantimicotico azolico, azol antimicotico
Parent ConceptsAntifungal Agents (C0003308), Azoles (C0004504)
SourcesSCTSPA, SNOMEDCT, USPMG
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Imidazole antifungal (C0360364)

ConceptsOrganic Chemical (T109) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121)
EnglishImidazole antifungal
Spanishantifungico imidazol, antimicotico imidazol, antimicotico imidazolico
Parent ConceptsImidazole (C0020923), Azole antifungal (C0360363), Drug allergen (C1320237)
SourcesSCTSPA, SNOMEDCT
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Lotrimin (C0699670)

ConceptsOrganic Chemical (T109) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121)
MSHD003022
EnglishLotrimin
SourcesMSH, NCI, PDQ, RXNORM
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Exelderm (C0720336)

ConceptsOrganic Chemical (T109) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121)
MSHC033308
EnglishBioglan brand of sulconazole nitrate, Exelderm, Westwood brand of sulconazole nitrate
SourcesMSH, NCI, RXNORM
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Micatin (C0721705)

ConceptsOrganic Chemical (T109) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121)
EnglishMicatin
SourcesNCI, RXNORM
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Oxistat (C0722355)

ConceptsOrganic Chemical (T109) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121)
MSHC022155
EnglishGlaxo Wellcome brand of oxiconazole nitrate, GlaxoSmithKline brand of oxiconazole nitrate, Oxistat
SourcesMSH, MTH, NCI, RXNORM
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Spectazole (C0723418)

ConceptsOrganic Chemical (T109) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121)
EnglishSpectazole
SourcesNCI, RXNORM
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)



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