Dermatology Book

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Melanoma Risk Factors

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  1. Moderate Risk
    1. UV Exposure
      1. Sun Exposure and history of Sunburns
      2. Sun sensitivity
      3. Regular tanning bed use before age 30 years
    2. Caucasian skin
      1. White skin: 17.2 men, 11.3 women per 100,000 persons
        1. Increased risk: Blond or red hair, Freckles on back
      2. Hispanic: 2.8 men, 3.0 women per 100,000 persons
      3. Asian or Black: <1.0 per 100,000
      4. Cress (1997) Cancer Causes Control 8:246
    3. Latitude related
    4. Immunosuppression
    5. Congenital Melanocytic Nevi
    6. Melanomna Family History
      1. First degree relative increases risk 8-12 fold
    7. Blistering Sunburn more than once as child
      1. Whiteman (2001) Cancer Causes Control 12:69
  2. Very High Risk
    1. Past history of Melanoma (especially <40 years old)
    2. History of 8 moles greater than 6 mm diameter
    3. History of a changing mole
    4. Atypical Nevus syndrome with Family History of Melanoma
    5. Giant Congenital Melanocytic Nevi (>15-20 cm)
  3. References
    1. Rager (2005) Am Fam Physician 72:269

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