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MelanocyteAka: Melanosome, Melanin
- See Also
- Physiology
- Located in Basal Cell Layer of skin
- Melanosome organelles are produced by melanocytes
- Melanosome transferred to Keratinocytes
- Melanin (brown pigment) produced within melanosome
- Tyrosine converted to melanin
- Melanin screens out sunlight ultraviolet rays
- Hyperpigmentation
- Increased melanosomes
- Sun Exposure
- Hormonal control
- Darker skin color in certain ethnic groups
- Same number of melanosomes as lighter skin
- Darker skin results from larger melanosomes
- Other factors affecting pigmentation
- Skin vascularity
- Presence of Carotene
- Thickness of Stratum Corneum
- Increased melanosomes
Melanins (C0025196) | |
|---|---|
| Definition (MSH) | Insoluble polymers of TYROSINE derivatives found in and causing darkness in skin (SKIN PIGMENTATION), hair, and feathers providing protection against SUNBURN induced by SUNLIGHT. CAROTENES contribute yellow and red coloration. |
| Definition (CSP) | amorphous, nonproteinaceous pigment responsible for the brown hue of eyes, skin, hair, various tumors, and certain internal structures including the substantia nigra of the brain. |
| Definition (NCI) | (MEL-a-nin) The substance that gives color to skin and eyes. |
| Concepts | Organic Chemical (T109) , Biologically Active Substance (T123) |
| MSH | D008543 |
| English | Melanin, Melanins |
| Spanish | melanina |
| Parent Concepts | Indoles (C0021242), Pigment (C0031916), Tyrosine (C0041485), Pigments, Biological (C1571592), Proteins (C0033684), Phenylalanine and tyrosine disorder marker (C0443494), Pigment cell (C0440745) |
| Sources | AOD, CSP, LCH, LNC, MSH, NCI, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT, UWDA Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
melanocyte (C0025201) | |
|---|---|
| Definition (MSH) | Mammalian pigment cells that produce MELANINS, pigments found mainly in the EPIDERMIS, but also in the eyes and the hair, by a process called melanogenesis. Coloration can be altered by the number of melanocytes or the amount of pigment produced and stored in the organelles called MELANOSOMES. The large non-mammalian melanin-containing cells are called MELANOPHORES. |
| Definition (CSP) | dendritic pigment cells of the epidermis that synthesize tyrosinase, and within their melanosomes the pigment melanin is synthesized; they control long term morphological skin color changes. |
| Definition (NCI) | (mel-AN-o-sites) Cells in the skin and eyes that produce and contain the pigment called melanin. |
| Concepts | Cell (T025) |
| MSH | D008544 |
| English | melanocyte, Melanocytes |
| Spanish | melanocito |
| Parent Concepts | Skin cell (C0814995), Chromatophore (C0008572), Epithelial Cells (C0014597), Cell of the Epidermis (C1516363), Entire cell (C1269647) |
| Sources | AOD, CSP, LCH, MSH, MTH, NCI, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
Melanosomes (C0025213) | |
|---|---|
| Definition (MSH) | Melanin-containing organelles found in melanocytes and melanophores. |
| Definition (CSP) | granules within melanocytes that contain tyrosinase and synthesize melanin. |
| Definition (GO) | A tissue-specific, membrane bounded cytoplasmic organelle within which melanin pigments are synthesized and stored. Melanosomes are synthesized in melanocyte cells. [GOC:jl, PMID:11584301] |
| Concepts | Cell Component (T026) |
| MSH | D020460 |
| English | Melanosome, Melanosomes |
| Parent Concepts | Cellular Structures (C0243092), pigment granule (C1820200), Cytoplasmic Granules (C0010837), melanocyte (C0025201), Melanophores (C0025207), Cell granule (C1235663) |
| Sources | CSP, GO, MSH, UWDA Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
