Dermatology Book

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Clostridium perfringensAka: Gas Gangrene, Anaerobic Cellulitis, Clostridial Myonecrosis

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  1. See also
    1. Cellulitis
  2. Etiology: Clostridium Species
    1. Clostridium perfringens (Clostridium welchii)
    2. Clostridium novyi
    3. Clostridium septicum
    4. Clostridium sordellii
    5. Clostridium histolyticum
  3. Pathophysiology
    1. Tissue infection with gas-producing Anaerobic Bacteria
  4. Symptoms and Signs
    1. Skin wound progression
      1. History of deep contaminated wound (Surgery, Trauma)
      2. Onset Sudden pain at wound site
      3. Local swelling and edema of wound site
      4. Thin hemorrhagic exudate
    2. Toxemia
    3. Hypotension
    4. Renal Failure
    5. Fever
    6. Foul discharge from wound
    7. Subcutaneous crepitus
  5. Labs
    1. Complete Blood Count (CBC)
      1. Leukocytosis
    2. Wound smear
      1. Gram Positive encapsulated rods
  6. Imaging
    1. Air in fascial plains
  7. Management
    1. Extensive debridement
    2. Penicillin G 20 Million U qd
    3. If Penicillin allergic, then check sensitivities on:
      1. Chloramphenicol 4 g qd
      2. Cefoxitin
      3. Clindamycin
      4. Metronidazole
    4. Consider hyperbaric oxygen chamber

Clostridium perfringens (bacteria) (C0009063)

Definition (MSH)The most common etiologic agent of GAS GANGRENE. It is differentiable into several distinct types based on the distribution of twelve different toxins.
Definition (CSP)most common etiologic agent of gas gangrene; differentiable into several distinct types based on the distribution of twelve different toxins.
ConceptsBacterium (T007)
MSHD003016
EnglishBacillus perfringens, Bacterium welchii, C. perfringens, Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium plagarum, Clostridium welchii, Gas bacillus, Welchia perfringens
Parent ConceptsClostridium (C0009054)
SourcesAOD, CSP, LCH, MSH, MTH, NCBI, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Gas Gangrene (C0017105)

Definition (MSH)A severe condition resulting from bacteria invading healthy muscle from adjacent traumatized muscle or soft tissue. The infection originates in a wound contaminated with bacteria of the genus CLOSTRIDIUM. C. perfringens accounts for the majority of cases (over eighty percent), while C. noyvi, C. septicum, and C. histolyticum cause most of the other cases.
ConceptsDisease or Syndrome (T047)
ICD9040.0, 040.0
MSHD005738
EnglishClostridial myonecrosis, CLOSTRIDIAL MYONECROSIS <GAS GANGRENE>, CLOSTRIDIAL MYONECROSIS GAS GANGRENE, Clostridial myositis, Clostridial myositis as a result of gas gangrene, Gas bacillus infection, Gas bacillus infection or gangrene, Gas Gangrene, Gas gangrene due to Clostridia, Gas Gangrenes, Malignant edema, Malignant oedema, Progressive emphysematous necrosis
Spanishedema maligno, gangrena gaseosa, gangrena gaseosa por Clostridium, infeccion por bacilo gaseoso, mionecrosis por Clostridium, miositis clostridial
Parent ConceptsBacterial Infections (C0004623), Clostridium Infections (C0009062), Gangrene (C0017086), Ambiguous concept (C1274012), Duplicate concept (C1274013)
SourcesDXP, ICD9CM, LCH, MSH, MTHICD9, NDFRT, QMR, RAM, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Anaerobic cellulitis (C0241828)

ConceptsDisease or Syndrome (T047)
EnglishAnaerobic cellulitis
Spanishcelulitis anaerobica, celulitis por anaerobios
Parent ConceptsInfection due to anaerobic bacteria (C0854328), Bacterial cellulitis (C1274347)
SourcesDXP, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)



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