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Oral Health in ChildrenAka: Infant Oral Health

See Also
1. Oral Health
Guidelines: Prenatal (Maintain maternal Oral Health)
1. Lowers infant colonization of mutans streptococci
  1. Kohler (1994) Arch Oral Biol 39:907
2. Refer mother for Dental Caries or Periodontal Disease
3. Preventive measures
  1. Toothbrushing and flossing
  2. Fluoride mouth rinse (e.g. ACT)
  3. Xylitol chewing gum qid
Guidelines: Birth to 6 months
1. Do not prop bottles
2. Use only breast milk or formula in bottles (no juice)
3. Avoid formulas that contain sucrose
Guidelines: 6 months and older
1. See Teething
2. Dentistry referral
  1. High risk for caries: Start dental visits at 1 year
  2. Low risk for caries: Start dental visits at 3 years
3. Oral Exam at each well child visit
  1. Child lies supine on table
    1. Examine from head of bed (intubation position)
  2. Observe for altered tooth appearance
    1. Yellow-Brown cavities or Erosions in teeth
    2. White lines or spots in the enamel
4. Preventive measures
  1. Introduce early tooth brushing
  2. Fluoride Supplementation if inadequate water supply
  3. Tooth brushing twice daily with fluoride toothpaste
    1. Use pea sized or less amount of toothpaste
    2. Age under 2 years: Parent brushes childs teeth without toothpaste
    3. Age 2-6 years: Brush with pea-size amount of low fluoride toothpaste
    4. Age over 6 years: Brush with regular fluoride toothpaste
5. Baby bottle related prevention
  1. Discontinue bottle after 12 months of age
  2. Avoid putting child to bed with bottle
  3. Encourage use of cup by age 1 year
  4. Wipe infant's teeth with moist cloth after feedings
6. Dietary measures
  1. Schedule meals and snacks
  2. Avoid simple sugars outside of scheduled times
  3. Limit juice to <6 ounces per day
  4. Only milk or tap water between meals

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Oral Health in ChildrenAka: Infant Oral Health

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