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PeriodontitisAka: Pyorrhea

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  1. Definition
    1. Loss of tooth supporting bone structure due to chronic Gingivitis
  2. Epidemiology
    1. Common cause of adult tooth loss
  3. Pathophysiology
    1. Chronic Gingivitis results in inflammation of deeper tissues around teeth
      1. Crevices between gums and teeth enlarge
      2. Pockets develop in crevices with
        1. Debris
        2. Purulent materials
    2. Consequences
      1. Loss of tooth supporting bone structure
      2. Periodontal ligament detaches from tooth
  4. Types
    1. Localized Juvenile Periodontitis
      1. Onset as adolescent (ages 12 to 17 years old)
      2. Not related to Plaque
      3. Vertical alveolar bone loss
    2. Adult periodontitis
      1. Onset after age 30 years
      2. Associated with subgingival dental Plaque
  5. Signs
    1. Gum margins recede exposing roots of teeth (deep pockets may be present)
    2. Subgingival dental Plaque
    3. Friable gums that bleed easily when probed
    4. Teeth may be loose
  6. Management
    1. Surgical debridement of infected or necrotic tissue by dentist or periodontist
    2. Mouth rinses
      1. Chlorhexidine Gluconate 0.12% Rinse (Peridex)
      2. Hexetidine 0.1% Rinse (Oraldene)
    3. Systemic antibiotics in diffuse involvement
      1. Oral: Doxycycline or Metronidazole
      2. Topical: Minocycline
  7. Complications
    1. Periodontal Abscess
  8. References
    1. Albandar (1997) J Am Dent Assoc 128:1393
    2. Nguyen (2008) Am Fam Physician 77:797

Periodontitis (C0031099)

Definition (MSH)Inflammatory reaction of the tissues surrounding a tooth (periodontium), usually resulting from the extension of gingival inflammation (gingivitis) into the periodontium. (From Dorland, 27th ed)
Definition (CSP)inflammatory reaction of the tissues surrounding a tooth (periodontium), usually resulting from the extension of gingival inflammation into the periodontium.
ConceptsDisease or Syndrome (T047)
ICD9523.4, 523.4
MSHD010518
EnglishChronic pericementitis, Chronic periodontitis, Periodontitides, Periodontitis
Spanishpericementitis cronica, periodontitis, periodontitis cronica
Parent ConceptsDental Diseases (C1704330), Periodontal Diseases (C0031090), Oral cavity (C0226896), Oropharyngeal disorders (C0553694), Gingival and periodontal disease NOS (C0155936), Periodontitis (C0031099), Inflammatory disorder of jaw (C0399561), Soft tissue lesion (C0410013), Inflammation of specific body organs (C1285331), Chronic disease of teeth AND/OR supporting structures (C1290617), Chronic inflammatory disorder (C1290886), Inflammatory disorder of digestive tract (C1290888), Duplicate concept (C1274013)
SourcesAOD, COSTAR, CSP, CST, ICD9CM, LCH, MSH, MTHICD9, NCI, NDFRT, OMIM, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Alveolar pyorrhea (C0034219)

ConceptsDisease or Syndrome (T047)
ICD9523.4
MSHD010510
EnglishAlveolar pyorrhea, Alveolar pyorrhoea, Chronic suppurative pericementitis, Fauchard's disease, Marginal periodontitis, Periodontitis simplex, Pyorrhea, Pyorrhea Alveolaris, Pyorrhoea, Pyorrhoea alveolaris, Riggs' disease, Simple periodontitis
Spanishenfermedad de Fauchard, enfermedad de Rigg, enfermedad de Riggs, pericementitis supurativa cronica, periodontitis marginal, periodontitis simple, piorrea, piorrea alveolar
Parent ConceptsPeriodontitis (C0031099), Alveolar pyorrhea (C0034219), Ambiguous concept (C1274012)
SourcesMSH, MTH, MTHICD9, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)



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