Dentistry Book

Gingival Disorders

  • Gingiva

Jaw Disorders

Oral Mucosal Disorders

Palate Disorders

Tooth Disorders

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GingivaAka: Periodontium

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  1. See Also
    1. Oral Exam
  2. Definition
    1. Gingiva (gums) abuts tooth neck
  3. Preparation
    1. Patient closes teeth
    2. Retract cheeks and lips
  4. Normal Gingival Findings
    1. Gingiva color is pink/pale red and stippled
    2. Sharp interdental papilla
    3. Shallow (1-2mm) crevices between gums and teeth
    4. Teeth seat firmly in bony sockets
  5. Abnormal Gingival Findings
    1. Gingivitis (Plaque, calculus, food accretion)
    2. Periodontitis (Pyorrhea)
    3. Acute Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis
    4. Primary Herpetic Gingivostomatitis
    5. Gingival Hyperplasia or Enlargement
    6. Epulis (Localized gingival enlargement)
      1. Most often caused by inflammation
      2. Rule out neoplasia
    7. Gingival Erosions, bullae, atrophy, erythema
      1. Causes: autoimmune, mucocutaneous, and benign disease
      2. Biopsy if etiology not clear
    8. Lead or Bismuth Line
      1. Bluish or Black Line on gums 1mm above gum margin
      2. Seen in Chronic Lead or Bismuth poisoning
      3. Does not appear where teeth are absent
      4. Distinguish from Melanin pigmentation
    9. Melanin Pigmentation (over tooth margin)
      1. Common brownish pigmentation normal in dark skin
      2. May also be seen in Melanism

Gingival Diseases (C0017563)

Definition (CSP)condition in which there is a deviation from or interruption of the normal structure or function of the gums or gingiva.
ConceptsDisease or Syndrome (T047)
MSHD005882
Englishgingiva disorder, GINGIVAL DIS, Gingival Disease, Gingival Diseases, Gingival disorder, Gum disease
Spanishenfermedad de las encias, enfermedad gingival, trastorno gingival
Parent ConceptsDental Diseases (C1704330), Periodontal Diseases (C0031090), Gingival and periodontal disease NOS (C0155936), Gingivae finding (C0426522)
SourcesAOD, CSP, MEDLINEPLUS, MSH, NDFRT, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Periodontium (C0031104)

Definition (CSP)tissues surrounding a tooth.
ConceptsBody Part, Organ, or Organ Component (T023)
MSHD010519
EnglishParadentium, Paradentiums, Periodontal tissues, Periodontal tissues structure, Periodontium, Periodontiums, Tooth Supporting Structure, Tooth Supporting Structures
Spanishestructura de los tejidos periodontales, tejidos periodontales
Parent Conceptsdental structure (C0596416), Dentition (C0011443), Structure of gum and supporting structure of tooth (C0447434)
SourcesCSP, LCH, MSH, MTH, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)



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