Cardiovascular Medicine Book

http://www.fpnotebook.com/

Aortic RuptureAka: Traumatic Aortic Disruption

Advertisement

  1. Epidemiology
    1. Common cause of traumatic sudden death
      1. Motor Vehicle Accident
      2. Fall from height
  2. Pathophysiology
    1. Caused by decelerating forces and blunt chest trauma
    2. Alive at presentation indicates only partial injury
      1. Injury occurs most often near ligamentum arteriosum
      2. Contiguous venous Laceration
        1. Responsible for part of mediastinal blood
  3. Radiology: Classic Chest XRay findings
    1. Widened mediastinum
    2. Obliteration of aortic knob
    3. Deviation of trachea to right
    4. Loss of space between pulmonary artery and aorta
    5. Depression of left mainstem bronchus
    6. Deviation of esophagus (NG tube) to the right
    7. Widened paratracheal stripe
    8. Widened paraspinal interfaces
    9. Pleural or apical cap present
    10. Left hemothorax
    11. Fractures of first or second rib or scapula
  4. Diagnostics
    1. Aortogram (Gold standard)
      1. Expect <10% Aortograms positive if adequately ordered
    2. Transesophageal Echocardiogram
    3. CT Chest
      1. High false negative rate

Aortic Rupture (C0003496)

Definition (MSH)The tearing or bursting of the wall along any portion of the AORTA, such as thoracic or abdominal. It may result from the rupture of an aneurysm or it may be due to TRAUMA.
ConceptsDisease or Syndrome (T047)
MSHD001019
EnglishAortic Rupture, Aortic Ruptures
Parent ConceptsAortic Aneurysm (C0003486), Traumatic Rupture (C0035955), Aneurysm, Ruptured (C0162869)
SourcesMSH, NDFRT
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)



Navigation Tree